Android 截屏实现的几种方式

Android 截屏分为四种：View 截屏、WebView 截屏、系统截屏 和 adb 截屏

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1、View 截屏

View 截图是将当前 View 界面截取下来，而对于屏幕上其他信息比如：状态栏或其他应用的界面将无法截取。

1.1 截取除了导航栏之外的屏幕

// 开始截屏

private static byte[] screenshotView() {

// ⬇⬇⬇ 可直接放入点击事件中 ⬇⬇⬇

View view = getWindow().getDecorView(); // view可以替换成你需要截图的控件，如父控件 RelativeLayout，LinearLayout

// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 设置缓存，可用于实时截图

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

view.draw(canvas);

// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空缓存，可用于实时截图

String bitmapString = getBitmapString(bitmap); // 位图转 Base64 String

// byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); // 位图转为 Byted

Log.d("111111 合并>>", "bitmapString ====:" + bitmapString);

matting_img02.setImageBitmap(bitmap); // ImageView控件直接图片展示截好的图片

// ⬆⬆⬆ 可直接放入点击事件中 ⬆⬆⬆

return drawByte;

}

// 位图转 Base64 String

private static String getBitmapString(Bitmap bitmap) {

String result = null;

ByteArrayOutputStream out = null;

try {

if (bitmap != null) {

out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);

out.flush();

out.close();

byte[] bitmapBytes = out.toByteArray();

result = Base64.encodeToString(bitmapBytes, Base64.DEFAULT); // Base64.DEFAULT会自动换行，传给前端会报错，所以要用Base64.NO_WRAP

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

try {

if (out != null) {

out.flush();

out.close();

}

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return result;

}

// 位图转 Byte

private static byte[] getBitmapByte(Bitmap bitmap) {

ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

// 参数1转换类型，参数2压缩质量，参数3字节流资源

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);

try {

out.flush();

out.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return out.toByteArray();

}

1.2 截取某个控件或者区域

// 方法1

private static byte[] screenshotView1() {

View view = title;

view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);

view.buildDrawingCache();

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getDrawingCache());

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

// 方法2

private static byte[] screenshotView2() {

View view = title;

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

// 使用 Canvas，调用自定义 view 控件的 onDraw 方法，绘制图片

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

dView.draw(canvas);

byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);

return drawByte;

}

2、WebView 截屏

WebView 截屏有四种方式

2.1 使用 capturePicture() 方法（已废弃） private static byte[] screenshotWebView() { Picture picture = webview.capturePicture(); //创建位图 Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(picture.getWidth(), picture.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); // 绘制(会调用 native 方法，完成图形绘制) picture.draw(canvas); byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); return drawByte; }

2.2 使用 getScale() 方法（已废弃）

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() { float scale = webView.getScale(); int webViewHeight = (int) (webView.getContentHeight()*scale+0.5); Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(),webViewHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); webView.draw(canvas); byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); return drawByte; }

2.3 使用 getDrawingCache() 方法

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() { Bitmap bitmap = webView.getDrawingCache(); byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bmp); return drawByte; }

2.4 使用 draw() 方法

private static byte[] screenshotWebView() { // webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 设置缓存 Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(), webView.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); webView.draw(canvas); webView.destroyDrawingCache(); byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); // webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空缓存 return drawByte; }

2.5 截长图配置

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { WebView.enableSlowWholeDocumentDraw(); } setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);

WebView 截图可能截取不到 cavans 元素，原因是开启了硬件加速，可在 AndroidManifest.xml 中设置属性 android:hardwareAccelerated="false"

关闭硬件加速可能导致页面出现意外情况

3、系统截屏

3.1 MediaProjection

public static final int REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION = 10001; // 申请截屏权限 private void getScreenShotPower() { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE); if (mProjectionManager != null) { startActivityForResult(mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(), REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION); } } }

private MediaProjection mMediaProjection; // 回调 @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if (requestCode == REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION && data != null) { if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { MediaProjection mediaProjection = mMediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data); if (mediaProjection == null) { Toast.makeText(this,"程序发生错误:MediaProjection@1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return; } // mediaProjection 就是当前屏幕流 } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) { Log.d(TAG, "用户取消"); } } }

3.2 Surface（需要 root 权限）

使用前需要：

在 AndroidMenifest.xml 中添加 android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system" 属性 需要给程序添加系统签名 或者 root 系统 使用 Java 反射机制，调用系统 API 截图：

private void screenshotSystem() { Class surfaceClass; Method method = null; Bitmap bitmap = null; try { if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) { surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.SurfaceControl"); } else { surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.Surface"); } method = surfaceClass.getDeclaredMethod("screenshot", Integer.TYPE, Integer.TYPE); method.setAccessible(true); bitmap = (Bitmap)method.invoke((Object)null, webview.getWidth(), webview.getHeight()); byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvocationTargetException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } }

3.3 PixelCopy

private void screenshotSystem() { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { PixelCopy.request(getWindow(), bitmap, new PixelCopy.OnPixelCopyFinishedListener() { @Override public void onPixelCopyFinished(int copyResult){ if (PixelCopy.SUCCESS == copyResult) { byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); } else { // onErrorCallback() } } }, new Handler()); } }

3.4 framebuffer（需要 root 权限）

String DEVICE_NAME = "/dev/graphics/fb0"; File deviceFile = new File(DEVICE_NAME); Process localProcess = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("supersu"); String str = "cat " + deviceFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\n"; localProcess.getOutputStream().write(str.getBytes()); return localProcess.getInputStream();

3.5 screencap 命令（需要 root 权限）

private static String getScreenshot(){ Process process = null; String filePath = "mnt/sdcard/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"; try { process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su"); PrintStream outputStream = null; outputStream = new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(process.getOutputStream(), 8192)); outputStream.println("screencap -p " + filePath); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); process.waitFor(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if(process != null){ process.destroy(); } } return filePath; }

4、adb 截屏

$ adb shell

shell@ $ screencap /sdcard/screen.png

shell@ $ exit

$ adb pull /sdcard/screen.png

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